1. Causes
Shoulder and arm pain can originate from the joints, muscles, tendons, or nerves within the shoulder girdle or upper limb. It may be caused by inflammation, structural imbalances, or nerve compression in the cervical spine. In TCM, pain in this region may be related to stagnation of Qi and blood in the meridians passing through the shoulder and arm, or invasion of wind, cold, or dampness.
2. Underlying Factors
– Rotator cuff tendinitis or tears from overuse
– Frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis), often following trauma or inactivity
– Bursitis causing inflammation and pain with movement
– Cervical radiculopathy from nerve compression in the neck
– Repetitive strain from lifting or overhead activity
– Postural problems or previous shoulder injuries
3. Symptoms
– Dull aching or sharp pain in the shoulder, upper arm, or elbow
– Pain that worsens with movement, especially lifting or reaching overhead
– Weakness or stiffness in the arm
– Numbness or tingling if nerve involvement is present
– Limited range of motion in the shoulder joint
– Night pain or difficulty sleeping on the affected side
4. Treatment Options
– Physiotherapy: Focuses on restoring range of motion, strength, and coordination
– Acupuncture: Reduces inflammation and restores balance to affected meridians
– Manual therapy: Mobilizes the shoulder joint and releases muscle tightness
– Cupping and scraping: Improve circulation and reduce muscle adhesion
– Electroacupuncture or TENS: For nerve-related symptoms and chronic pain
5. At-Home Tips
– Rest and avoid heavy lifting or overhead activities during acute flare-ups
– Apply cold packs for inflammation or heat packs for muscle stiffness
– Perform shoulder pendulum swings and wall crawl exercises daily
– Maintain proper posture to avoid shoulder impingement
– Use supportive braces if needed during activity
– Recommended products: shoulder braces, herbal pain patches, heat compresses, shoulder massager
